Þe
Bosworth & Toller Anglo-Saxon Old English Dictionary - þe
According to the Old English Dictionary:
- þe
- indecl. particle. I. as relative pronoun of any number, gender, or case, (1) where the antecedent clause does not contain a demonstrative :-- Ic hit eom, þe wið ðé sprece, Jn. Skt. 4, 26. Ðæt ðú ne sý gesewen fram mannum fæstende, ac ðínum Fæder þe ys on díglum: and ðín Fæder þe gesyhþ on dýglum hit ágylt ðé, Mt. Kmbl. 6,18: Beo. Th. 5264; B. 2635. Idesa scénost þe on woruld cóme, Cd. Th. 39, 18; Gen. 627. Swýðe manega synt þe þurh ðone weg faraþ,... Swýðe feáwa synt þe ðone weg findon, Mt. Kmbl. 7, 13, 14. Gé þe yfle synt cunnun góde sylena syllan, 7, 11. Wið gehwylce yfelu þe on ðam innoðe dereþ, Lchdm. i. 280, 18. (2) where the antecedent clause contains a demonstrative :-- Hé fór tó ðæm iglande þe monn ðæt folc Mandras hǽtt (the people of which are called Mandras), Ors. 3, 9; Swt. 134, 5. Habbe hé ðone ilcan dóm þe (the same sentence as) se þe ðæt fals worhte L. C. S. 8; Th. i. 380, 22. For other instances we, to whom is committed the care of God's people..., L. E. I. 1; Th. ii. 402, 9. Fæder úre ðú þe eart on heofenum Pater noster, qui es in coelis, Mt. Kmbl. 6, 9. Ðú þe reccest, ðú nú beheald qui regis, intende, Ps. Th. 79, 1. Ðonne se scrift ongit ðæs costunga ðe hé him ondetteþ when the confessor hears the temptations of the man who confesses to him, Past. 16; Swt. 105, 20. Ðære fǽmnan tíd þe hire (whose) noma wæs Sca Anatolia, Shrn. 102, 34. Sceáweras þe hira naman hér sint áwritene viros, quorum ista sunt nomina, Num. 13, 5: Lev. 11, 3. Ða men þe mon hiora mǽgas ǽr slóg, Ors. 2, 5; Swt. 80, 19. For other instances see hé. (4) where relative and antecedent are included in one form :-- Eart ðú ðe tó cumenne eart? Lk. Skt. 7, 20. Wén ne brúceþ ðe can weána lyt, Runic pm. Kmbl. 340, 30; Rún. 8. Tó middes eów stód þe gé ne cunnon, Jn. Skt. 1, 26. Hér syndon þe ðíne deórlingas beón sceoldon, Homl. Skt. i. 23, 147. II. as adverb. (1) a relative adverb :-- Ðonon ðe hí útan bióþ áhæfene, ðanon hié bióþ innan áfeallene, Past. 50; Swt. 391, 12. Ðæt úre ende geendige on God, þanon þe ús þæt angin com, Homl. Skt. i. 16, 8. On ðæs sǽs waroþe ðanon ðe hí sciphere on becom, Bd. 2, 12; S. 481, 11. Þider ðe Stephanus forestóp, ðider folgode Paulus, Homl. Th. i. 52, 5. (a) before comparatives, (α) any. v. þan :-- Ne ðearft ðú nó be ðǽm gesceaftum tweógan þe (þon, Cott. MS.) má þe be ðǽm óþrum you need not doubt about those creatures any more than about the others, Bt. 34, 10; Fox 148, 18: 34, 1; Fox 134, 15: L. Pen. 7; Th. ii. 280, 5: Homl. Skt. i. 7, 20. Nys mé ðýnes weales hǽmed nǽfre þe leófre þe mé nǽdre töólýte. Shrn. 154, 22. Nis þeós woruld ðe geliccre ðære écan worulde þe is sum cweartern leóhtum dæge this world is no more like the eternal world than a prison is like bright day, Homl. Th. i. 154, 18. Nǽre hit þe geliccre ðære écean myrhðe, þonne biþ ðam menn þe sitt on cwearterne wið ðam menn þe færþ frig geond land, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 107. Gif hwylc gód man from góde gewíte, ðonne ne biþ hé þe (þon, Cott. MS.) má fullíce god (cf. Goth. ni magt thana mais fauragaggja wisan, Lk. 16, 2), Bt. 37, 3; Fox 190, 29. (β) = þý, the :-- Swá biþ micle þe winsumre sió sóþe gesǽlð tó habbenne æfter ðám eormþum ðisses lífes, Bt. 23; Fox 78, 30. Hé hæfde giet ðe má unþeáwa þonne his eám hæfde avunculi sui ergo omnia vitia ac scelera sectator, immo transgressor, Ors. 6, 5; Swt. 260, 28. Swá þincþ ánra gehwæm sió sóðe gesǽlð þe betere and þý wynsumre, þe hé wíta má hér ádreógeþ, Met. 12, 20. Symle bið þý heardra, þe hit sǽstreámas swýðor beátaþ, Cd. Th. 80, 8; Gen. 1325. Þe læs lest, Ex. 19, 21, 24: Mk. Skt. 4, 12: 13, 36. III. as conjunction. (1) introducing noun or adverb clauses, that, cf. þæt. (α) noun clauses :-- Eác wæs ðæt ðe beforan ðæm temple stód ǽren ceác, Past. 16; Swt. 105, 1. Heó ða fǽhðe wræc, þe ðú Grendel cwealdest, Beo. Th. 2672; B. 1334. Áras sceoldon wilspella mǽst gesecgan, ðe ðæt sigor beácen méted wǽre, Elen. Kmbl. 1967; El. 985. Ðæt dysig is anlíccost þe sum cild sié full hál geboren ... such folly is most like, that (just as if) a child were born quite healthy..., Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 21. Hit is ðæm gelícost þe ic sitte on ánre heáre dúne, Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 142, 13. (β) adverb clauses :-- Hwæt is se manna þe ðú him cýþan woldest quid est homo, quod innotuisti ei? Ps. Th. 143, 4. Hé wolde ðæt ða folc him ðý swíþor tó buge, þe hé hæfde hiera ealdhláfordes sunu on his gewealde, Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 148, 32. Hé wæs sundes þe sǽnra, þe hyne swylt fornam, Beo. Th. 2877; B. 1436: Exon. Th. 432, 15; Rä. 48, 6. Hié ðæt gewinn ðæslícost angunnan, þe hí hit ǽr ne angunnen, Ors. 3, 11; Swt. 150, 31. (γ) in combination with other particles, where the combination may be rendered by a conjunction :-- Ðeáh þe ... swá ðeáh, Homl. Skt. i. 12, 106. Óþ þe (until) hyt eall áléd biþ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 31: Bt. 38, 5; Fox 206, 24. See þeáh, óþ, and se, V. (2) than :-- Hé hæfde twǽm læs þe twéntig wintra, Blickl. Homl. 215, 34: Chr. 901; Erl. 96, 24. Ne hí hié selfe ðý beteran ne taligen, ðe ða óðre, Past. 44; Swt. 329, 18. See II. 2 α above, and þan. (3) or, (α) alone :-- Ys hyt álýfed, þe ná? Mt. Kmbl. 22, 17: Lk. Skt. 7, 20. God ána wát hú his gecynde biþ, wífhádes þe weres, Exon. Th. 223, 9; Ph, 357. Hwæðer wǽre twégra strengra, wyrd ðe warnung, Salm. Kmbl. 855; Sal. 427. (β) þe ... þe whether ... or :-- Hwyder hé gelǽded sý, þe tó wíte, þe tó wuldre, Blickl. Homl. 97, 22. Gé nyton hwænne ðæs húses hláford cymþ; þe on ǽfen, þe on midre nihte, þe on hancréde, þe on mergen, Mk. Skt. 13, 35. (β 1) hwæðer (pronoun) ... þe ... þe :-- Ðæt ic wite hwæðer hit sig, þe sóð þe leás, ðæt gé secgaþ, Gen. 42, 16. Hwæþer ðincþ ðé ðonne, ðæt ða ðing sién, þe ðara sóþena gesǽlþa limu, ðe sió gesǽlþ self? Bt. 34, 6; Fox 142, 10. Hwæðer is ðé leófre, þe ðú nú onfó ða costnunga, þe neár ðínum ende? Homl. Skt. ii. 30, 131. (γ) hwæðer, þeáh ... þe whether ... or :-- Hwæþer hé wacode ðe slépte, Bd. 2, 12; S. 513, 39, Hwæðer ðæs landes folc cristen wǽre ðe hǽðen, Homl. Th. ii. 120, 23. Ongitan hwæþer hit hysecild þe mǽdencild beón wille, Lchdm. ii. 172, 17: Exon. Th. 80, 16; Cri. 1307: Blickl. Homl. 117, 19. Ic nát þeáh ðú mid ligenum fare, þe ðú Drihtnes eart bola, Cd. Th. 34, 4; Gen. 532. [O. Sax. the.] þe