Tún

According to the Old English Dictionary:

es;

tún

m. I. an enclosed piece of ground, a yard, court :-- Tuun cors (= cohors), Txts. 52, 281. Tún choors, Wrt. Voc. ii. 17, 32 : i. 291, 12. Yna (hýna ?) túnes tácen is ðæt ðú sette ðíne swýþran hand brádlinga ofer ðínne innoð, Techm. ii. 126, 15 (cf. gang-tún). Harewyrt lytelu oftost weaxeþ on tune (in a garden), Lchdm. ii. 132, 8. II. as a technical English term, (i) in its simplest form, the enclosed land surrounding a single dwelling :-- Gif man in marines tún ǽrest geirneþ .vi. scillingum gebéte; se ðe æfter irneþ .iii. scillingas; siþþan gehwylc scilling, L. Ethb. 17; Th. i. 6, 16. (2) where there were many dwellings, a manor, vill, 'an estate with a village community in villenage upon it under a lord's jurisdiction,' v. Seebohm's English Village Community, c. v. See also Kemble's Saxons in England, ii. c. vii: Stubbs' Const. Hist. s. v. town : Green's Making of England, c. iv: Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. p. xxxix; in the last its frequent occurrence in English local names is noted :-- Ego, Plegréd, aliquam terre unculam emi et Eðelmóde, hoc est án healf tun, que ante pertinebat tó wilburgewellan, ðet land healf and healfne tún hiis terminibus circumcincta . . . hanc casam supranominatam ic, Eðelmód, Plegréde donabo, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 66, 27-67, 3. Ic wille ðæt man frígæ hæalue míne men on élcum túne for míne sáwlæ, and ðæt man déle æal healf ðæt yrue ðæt ic hæbbæ on ǽlcum túne, iii. 273, 4-6. Gif in cyninges túne man mannan ofsleá, .L. scill. gebéte, L. Ethb. 5; Th. i. 4, 4. On eorles túne, 13 ; Th. i. 6, 9. Æghwilc man æt ðam túne, ðe hé tó hýre, L. H. E. 5 ; Th. i. 30, Beó hé on carcerne on cyninges túne, L. Alf. pol. 1 ; Th. 60, 9: Chr. 787; Erl. 56, 14. Gif se gereáfa ðis oferheald, gebéte .xxx. scill. , and sié áæt feoh gedǽled ðǽm þearfum ðe on ða[m] tún[e] synd, ðe ðis ungefremed wunie, L. Ath. i. prm. ; Th. i. 198, 12. Hé wæs on ánumðæs cyninges túne nóht feor fram ðære foresprecenan byrig forðon ðe hé ðǽr hæfde áne cyricean and án resthús . . . Ðæt eác swylce his ðeáw wæs on óþrum cyninges túne tó dónne erat in villa (in 544, 14 tún translates vicus) regia non longe ab urbe de qua praefati sumus. In hac enim habens ecclesiam et cubiculum...; guod ipsum et in aliis villis regis facere solebat, Bd. 3, 17; S. 543, 20-29. Ciólulf sealde Eánmunde his mége ðisne tuun (cf. Ego Cialulf dabo Eanmunde cognito meo aliquam partem terre iuris mei, hoc est in Dorobernia ciuitate, id est in longitudo .vi. uirgis et in latitudo .iii. , 87, 27-31), Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 89, 10. Ðis sind ðara feówer túna londgemaera, iii. 77, 32. Ðǽr hé rád betwuh his hámum oþþe túnum (villas), Bd. 2, 16 ; S. 520, 11. v. tún-cyrice, -gebúr, -geréfa, -incel, -land, -mann, -scír, -steall, -stede; túnes-mann, -túningas. II a. where the residential character of the tún is the prominent one, the buildings or inhabitants being referred to :-- Ð á ongan se tún bernan, ðá forburnon ealla ðara monna hús ðe on ðæm túne wǽron, Shrn. 90, 3-5. Ðes tún (villa) wæs forlǽten, and óþer wæs getimbred, Bd. 2, 14; S. 518, 11. Hé eode tó ðære cyricean ðæs túnes (villulae), 5, 12; S. 627, 20. Hé hæfde ðæt biscríce .L. wint æt Scíreburnan, and his líc líþ ðǽr on túne (or túne = cyrictúne?), Chr. 867; Erl. 72, 20. Ðone tún ðe hé oftust on eardode gyt mon his naman cneódeþ cujus nomine vicus in quo maxime habitare solebat usque hodie cognominatur, 2, 20; S. 522, 23. Wæs in ða tíd ðeáu Ongelcynnes folcum, ðæt ðonne mæssepreóst in tún (villam) com, hí ealle gesomnodon Godes word tó gehýranne, 4, 27; S. 604, 16. Ðæt cumende folc of eallum túnum (viculis), 2, 14; S. 518, 9: 4, 27; S. 604, 26. Hé com tó ðám ymbge-settum túnum (circumpositas ad villas), and ðám dwoliendum bodade, 604, 13. Se ðe reáfaþ man leóhtan dæge, and hé hit kýþe tó þrím túnan, L. Eth. iii. 15; Th. i. 298, 12. Hé áslát ða túnas ealle ymb ða burh discissis viculis in vicinia urbis, Bd. 3, 16; S. 542, 21. III. referring to the towns of Roman Britain :-- On Swalewan streáme se ligþ be Cetereht túne (vicum Cataractam; the Roman station, Cataractonium), Bd. 2, 14; S. 518, 15. Hér Cynewulf and Offa gefuhton ymb Benesing-tún, and Offa nam þone tuun, Chr. 777; Erl. 54, 2. Cúþwulf feaht wiþ Bretwalas and iiii túnas genom, 571; Erl. 18, 13. (See Green's The Making of England, c. iii. ) Ceáwlin monige túnas genom, 584; Erl. 18, 24. IV. in a general sense, a habitation of men :-- Lengten-tíma gáð tó túne on .vii .id. Feb. (cf. sumor gǽð tó mannum on .vii. id. Mai, 25) spring comes to our dwellings on the 23rd of February, Anglia viii. 312, 19. Se mónþ gǽð on Sunnandæge on túne (cf. cymð se mónð tó mannum, 14: 8), 304, 12. Cymeþ on ðám ylcan dæge us tó túne forma mónad. Menol. Fox 16 ; Men. 8 : 69 ; Men. 34. Folcum bringð morgen tó mannum mónad tó túne Decembris drihta bearnum, 436 ; Men. 219. Yldum bringð sigelbeorhte dagas sumor tó túne, 176; Men. 89. Bringð tiida lange ǽrra Líða ús tó túne, Iunius on geard, 214; Men. 108. Oft mon féreþ feor bí túne (cf. Icel. fara um tún to pass by a house) ðǽr him wát freónd unwiotodne often a man travels far, passing the dwellings of men, and knows that he has no friend for himself in them, Exon. Th. 342, 21; Gn. Ex. 146. Ǽr sumor on tún gá, Lchdm. iii. 6, 1. 3. Hwylce dæge ða mónðas gán on tún, Anglia viii. 304, 5, 25. Cymeþ scríðan on tún Maius, Menol. Fox 153; Men. 78. Lencten on tún geliden hæfde, 56; Men. 28. On folc féreþ October on tún, 363; Men. 183. [The phrase is found in later English, e.g. Elde cumid to tune. Misc. 133, 534.] V. where the word is used to translate Latin forms, or refers to places not in England, (1) the residence or estate of a single person, an estate, farm :-- Ð ín tún tua villa, Ælfc. Gr. 15; Zup. 103, 7 : Wrt. Voc. i. 84, 48. Hátan his tún ðæs anscódan tún ejus habitaculum domum discalceati vocare. Past. 5; Swt. 43, 17. Ð á sende hé hine tó his túne (in uillam suam; toun, Wick. ), ðæt hé heólde his swýn, Lk. Skt. 15, 15: Mt. Kmbl. 22, 5. Túne ad prediolum suum, Anglia xiii. 36, 258. Neáh ðám túne (juxta praedium; manere, Wick. ) ðe Iacob sealde his suna, Jn. Skt. 4, 5. Sceall beón se læsta dǽl nýhst ðæm túne ðe se deáda man on líð, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 20, 33, 31. Wespaásianus gefór on ánum túne butón Róme Vespasianus in villa propria circa Sabinos mortuus est, 6, 7 ; Swt. 262, 29. Hé gefór on ðæm ilcan túne (in eadem villa) ðe his fæder dyde, 6, 8; Swt. 264, 4: Blickl. Homl. 219, 8-9. On ðone tún [villam; toun, Wick.) ðe is genemned Geze-mani, Mt. Kmbl. 26, 36. Ic bohte ǽnne tún (villam; lond, Lind. Rush. : toun. Wick. : ferme, Tindal), Lk. Skt. 14, 18 : Homl. Th. ii. 372, 19-21. Iosep sealde his gebréðrum tún (possessionem), Gen. 47, II. Feg-erne tun timbrian, Shrn. 163, 16. Túnas territorii, Wrt. Voc. ii. 76, 68. Hé gemenigfylde his spéda ǽgðer ge on túnum ge on landum (tam in aedibus quam in agris), Gen. 39, 5. Hí nemnaþ hiora land and hiora túnas be heora naman invocabunt nomina eorum in terris eorum, Ps. Th. 48, 10. (2) a collection of dwellings, a village, town :-- Tuun vel ðrop confetum, Txts. 54, 307. Tún, þrop, Wrt. Voc. ii. 15, 7 (cf. compitum, i. villa þrop, 132, 55). Tún pagus, i. 54, 2. Betfage se tún, Blickl Homl. 77, 15. In Bethania ðæm túne, Mt. Kmbl. Rush. 26, 6. Of ðæm tuune (túne. Rush. ) on Galilées mégð a Cana Galilaeae, Jn. Skt Lind. 21, 2. Of Abian túne (lond, Lind. Rush. ) de uice (vico has been read ?) Abia, Lk. Skt. 1, 5. Of ðæm túne ðe Scariot hátte, Blickl. Homl 69, 6 : 211, 17 : 221, 19: Homl. Th. ii. 54, 3. Hé eode on ðone tún ðe hátte Dadissus, and ðǽr wunode . . . Ðá bæd hé ðæs túnes hláford, ðæt hé móste healdan heora æceras . . . His suna wǽron áfedde on óþran túne, Homl. Skt. ii. 30, 213-217. Se resteþ on uico longe, ðæt is on ðæm langan túne, Shrn. 76, 2. Ðeáh ð ú on tún (uicum; lond, Lind. Rush. ) gá, Mk. Skt. 8, 26. Hé hét ðone tún (uicum) forbærnan, Bd. 5, 10; 8. 625, 2. Bedrifen on ánne tún in cujusdan villulae casam de-portatus, Ors. 6, 34; Swt. 292, 1. Túnas oppida, Wrt. Voc. ii. 64, 70. Com micel fýrbryne on Rómeburg, ðæt ðǽrbinnan forburnon xiv túnas quatuordecim vicos flamma consumsit, Ors. 6, 1; Swt. 252, 21. Fare wé on gehende túnas (uicos; lond, Lind. Rush. : townes, Wick. ), Mk. Skt. 1. 38 : villas, Lk. Skt. 9, 12. [Halliwell gives town = court, farmyard, as a Devonshire word; and in Jamieson's Dictionary toun, town = a farmer's steading, or a small collection of houses; a single dwelling-house. ' Waverley learned from this colloquy, that in Scotland a single house was called a town, ' Waverley, c. ix. O. Frs. tún a fence: O. L. Ger. tún maceria: Du. tuin a fence; a garden: O. H. Ger. zún sepis, maceria: Ger. zaun a hedge: Icel. tun an enclosure within which a house is built; a farm-house with its buildings, homestead: Norweg. tun court, farmyard.] v. burg-, neáh-, wíc-tún; týnan. tun

Related words: æppel-, apulder-, her-, cafer-, cyric-, deór-, gærs-, gang-, leah-, líc-, wyrt-tún.