Toll
Bosworth & Toller 盎格鲁-撒克逊古英语词典 - toll
根据古英语词典：
es;
- toll
- n. m. (?) Toll, tax, custom, duty, due. I. that which is paid to the state. See also IV :-- Cynelíc toll fiscale tributum, Hpt. Gl. 440, 43. Nim ðone wecg, and syle tó tolle for mé and for ðé, Homl. Th. i. 512, 5. Æt hwám nimaþ cyningas gafol oððe toll reges terrae a quibus accipiunt tributum vel censum? Mt. Kmbl. 17, 25. Ðæs cáseres tolleras áxodon Petrus, ðá ðá hí geond ealne middangeard ðam cásere toll gegaderodon, 'Wyle eówer láreów ǽnig toll syllan?' Homl. Th. i. 510, 26-29. Se cyng ne róhte ná hú swiðe synlíce ða geréfan hit begeátan of earme mannon ... Hý árérdon unrihte tollas, Chr. 1086; Erl. 220, 15. II. that which is paid to individuals :-- Sume men syllaþ cyrcan tó hýre swá swá wáclíce mylna ... ac hit ne gedafnaþ dæt man dó Godes hús ánre mylne gelíc for lyðrum tolle, Homl. Skt. i. 19, 248-253. (Cf. molta pensitatio quam a vasallis exigit dominus pro frumenti molitura in molendinis suis, Migne.) Ðá hí nán þincg næfdon tó syllanne, ðá gyrnde hé ðæs wífes for ðam tolle (passage money, fare), ii. 30, 168. III. taking toll :-- Matheus árás ðǽrrihte fram his tolle, Homl. Th. ii. 468, 10. Hé hine geseah sittan æt tolle, 18. Óðer is ðæt man him ðurh fixnoðe bigleofan tilige, and óðer ðæt man ðurh toll feoh gadrige it is one thing for a man. to get his living by fishing, and another to get money together by toll-taking, 288, 20. IV. as a technical term in England. In this connection toll is used to denote not only an amount payable to the king, but also freedom from the payment of such amounts. The word occurs not unfrequently in charters along with sac, sócn, teám, and other terms (the bishop of Worcester's) quislibet emerit vel uendiderit, thelon debitum ad manum episcopi reddatur, Cod. Dip. Kmbl. ii. 119, 7-12. Cf. the grant by Edward in 904 of 'villae mercimonium, quod Anglice ðæs túnes cýping appellatur,' v. 158, 37; and that by ealdorman Æðelréd and Æðelflǽd of a half of 'ǽlc gerihta ðe tó heora hláforddóme gebyraþ on ceápstówe,' 142, 33. The following passages give instances of the payment of toll :-- Hér kýd on ðissere béc ðæt Leówine and his wíf gebohton Ælfilde tó feówer and sixtuge penegon and Ælfríc Hals nam ðæt toll for ðæs kynges hand, Chart. Th. 635, 24: 631, 28: 639, 15: 636, 2. Alword portgeréfa and Alwine fángon tó ðam tolle for ðæs cynges hand, 636, 30. Æilsig bohte ánne wífmann and hire sunu mid healfe punde, and sealde Æilsige portgeréfa and Maccosse hundredesmann .iiii. penegas tó tolle, 627, 14. Teolling gebohte Ælword and Édwine tó .vii. mancson tó cépe and tó tolle, and Ælword portgeréfa nam ðæt toll, 633, 2-7: 639, 20-24. Æilgyuu álýsde Hig and Dunna and heora ofspring tó .xiii. mancson, and Æignulf portgeréfa and Godsuc námon ðæt toll, 638, 12-17. (2) from ships coming into port. For a list of such tolls see L. Eth. iv. 2; Th. i. 300; and for instances of tolls being remitted see Cod. Dip. Kmbl. i. 94, where the toll (vectigal) on one ship entering the port of London is remitted to bishop Aldwulf: i. 101, where the king remits 'nauis onustae transvectionis censum qui a theloneariis nostris tributaria exactione impetitur; ut ubique in regno nostro libera de omm regali fiscu et tributo maneat.' See also pp. 114, 116. In a charter of Cnut the tolls of Sandwich are the subject of grant: 'nullus homo habet aliquam consuetudinem in eodem portu exceptis monachis aecclesiae Christi. Eorum autem est nauicula et transfretatio portus et theloneum omnium nauium cujuscumque sit et undecumque veniat,' iv. 21. (3) on transport by land or water. See the last passage: 'Eorum est transfretatio portus.' In another charter a grant of land carries with it 'theloneum aquarum,' Cod. Dip. Kmbl. iii. 369, 25. In the charter inserted in the Chronicle under the year 963, se toll of certain streams is the subject of grant, Erl. 123, 2. See Kemble's Saxons in England, ii. 73-78. [O. Sax. tol[l]: O. H. Ger. zol[l]: Ger. zoll; m.: Icel. tollr; m.: Dan. told; m.] v. scip-toll; toln, and following words. toll