For-standan
Bosworth & Toller Anglo-Sächsisches Altenglisches Wörterbuch - for-standan
Nach dem Altenglischen Wörterbuch:
- for-standan
- and fór-standan (l. for-). Take these together, and add: I. intrans. (1) to stand in the way of an object (dat.), lie in the line of advance :-- Oð þæt sǽfæsten landes æt ende leódmægne forstód, Exod. 128. (2) to come to a stand, stop :-- Gif se man áspíwð þone yfelan wǽtan onweg, þonne forstent se geohsa, Lch. ii. 60, 23. Wiþ þon þe wífum sié forstanden hira mónaþgecynd, 330, 13. II. trans. (1) with the idea of hindrance, (a) to stop the advance of, hinder, resist, withstand :-- Breóstnet wið ord and wið ecge ingang forstód, B. 1549. Uton forstandan hí (the soul) foran mid gefeohte, Hml. Th. ii. 336, 7. Tó forstondanne resistendum, Lk. p. 5, 8. (b) to stop passage through or along, block a door, a way for a person (dat.) :-- Se biscop mid Crístene folce forstód cirican dura á[gean] ... ðǽm kásere, Shrn. 58, 7. Seó leó forstód him þá duru, Hml. S. 35, 267. Ongan se fæder wyrnan hire and wolde forstandan þone weg þæs écan lifes ei pater ad viam vitae resistere conatus est, Gr. D. 222, 22. (c) to stop a person (dat.) doing something :-- Hí mec willað oðfergan ... Ic him þæt forstonde they want to carry me off ... I stop them doing that, Rä. 17, 8. Hí woldon feore beorgan ... him þæt engel forstód, An. 1542: Gen. 2748: Mód. 65. Hé hyra má wolde ácwellan, nefne him God wyrd forstóde, B. 1056. (2) with idea of defence, to defend, protect :-- Betǽc ús Daniel ... Gif ðú hine forstenst, wé fordýlegiað þé, Hml. Th. i. 570, 25. Hine God forstód, An. 1337. Scipio ofslagen wǽre, gif his sunu his ne gehulpe mid þǽm ꝥ hé hiene foran forstód oð hé on fleáme fealh Scipio per Scipionem filium ab ipsa morte liberates evasit, Ors. 4, 8; S. 186, 25. Se lytla cniht geseah bifiendum eágum þá áwyrgdan gástas cuman in tó him. Þá ongan hé clypian, 'Lá, fæder, forstand mé (obsta, pater),' Gr. D. 289, 16. (2 a) to protect from (dat.) :-- Hine God forstód hǽðenum folce, An. 1145. Hé þæt folc forstód feónda mægene, Ps. Th. 105, 19. Heaðolíðendum hord forstandan, bearn and brýde, B. 2955: Met. 1, 22. Hé sceal þý wonge wealdan: ne magon gé him þá wíc forstondan, Gú. 674. Gif gé þæt fæsten fýre willað forstandan, on þǽre stówe wé gesunde magon sǽles bídan, Gen. 2522. III. to avail, profit, be good for :-- Hwæt forstent his gehlýd?, Past. 91, 25: Ps. Th. 2, 4. Habbe ic nú forbærned ðá ealdan gewritu ðe ic geáhsian mihte. Gif hyra hwilc funden bið, ne forstent ðæt náht, C. D. ii. 116, 3. Witan hwæt gerímcræft forstande, Angl. viii. 312, 44. Þéh hit æt þám ende náht ne forstóde, Chr. 1066; P. 196, 18. Cwæð hé tó mé ðæt hé freólsas genóge hæfde, gif hí áht forstódan, C. D. iIII a. to avail a person (dat.) :-- Hwæt forstondes (fore-, L.) menn ðéh ... quid proderit homini si ..., Mk. R. 8, 36. Ne forstent hit him nóht, Past. 163, 19: 421, 21. Hwæt forstód seó mengu þára freónda þám deórlingum?, Bt. 29, 2; F. 106, 6. Úre Drihten cwæð ꝥ þám men náwiht ne forstóde þeáh hé ealne middangeard gestrínde, Ll. Th. ii. 424, 10. IV. to stand for, be the equivalent of, be as good as :-- Sé þe þis gebed singð on cyrcean, þonne forstent hit him sealtera sealma. And sé þe hit singð æt his endedæge, þonne forstent hit him húselgang, Lch. iii. 288, 13-16. His freónda forspǽc forstent him eal þæt sylfe swylce hit sylf spǽce, Wlfst. 38, 16. [Án messe forstant .xii. daga feasten, Lch. iii. 166, 17.] V. to understand :-- Ne séce ic nó hér þá bec, ac ꝥ ꝥ þá béc forstent, þæt is, þín gewit (non libros, sed id quod libris pretium facit), Bt. 5, 1; F. 10, 20. Siððan ic ðá bóc geliornod hæfde, swǽ swǽ ic hié forstód ... ic hié on Englisc áwende, Past. 7, 23. Ic wéne þeáh ꝥ þú ne forstande hwæt ic ðé tó cwæþe nondum forte quid loquar intelligis, Bt. 20; F. 70, 26. Ic geanbidode oþ ic wiste hwæt þú woldest, and hú þú hit understandan woldest, and eác ic tiolode swíþe geornfullíce ꝥ ðú hit forstandan mihtest I waited till I knew what you wanted, and what idea you had formed of it (cf. understandan; III), and I laboured earnestly that you might understand it, 22, 1; F. 76, 27. [v. N. E. D. forstand. O. Sax. far-standan to defend; to stop; to understand: O. H. Ger. fer-standan protegere; intelligere, cognoscere.] for-standan