Weorþan

Secondo il Dizionario dell'Inglese Antico:

(wurþan, wyrþan);

weorþan

p. wearþ, pl. wurdon; pp. worden. I. absolute, (1) to come to be, to be made, to arise, come, be:--Gif bánes blice weorðeþ, L. Ethb. 34; Th. i. 12, 4. Gif bánes bite weorð, 35; Th. i. 12, 5. Ende nǽfre ðínes wræces weorþeþ, Andr. Kmbl. 2765; An. 1385. Hwá wæs ǽfre, oþþe is nú, oððe hwá wyrþ get æfter ús? Bt. 11, 1; Fox 30, 24. Hlynn wearð on ceastrum, Cd. Th. 153, 30; Gen. 2546. Hwí ne wundriaþ hí hwí ðæt ís weorþe, Bt. 39, 3; Fox 214, 35. Ðe læs tó mycel styrung wurde on ðam folce ne forte tumultus fieret in populo, Mt. 26, 5. Héht lífes weard on mereflóde middum weorðan hyhtlíc heofontimber, Cd. Th. 9, 22; Gen. 145. (2) to come to pass, to be done, to happen, to take place, befall, come, be:--Ðæt weorþeþ for ðyses folces synnum, ðæt ealle ðás getimbro beóþ tóworpene, Blickl. Homl. 77, 35. Daga egelícast weorþeþ in worulde, Exon. Th. 63, 21; Cri. 1023. Huu worðes ðis quomodo fiet istud? Lk. Skt. Lind. Rush. 1, 34: 23, 31. Ðǽr wearþ micel gefeoht, Chr. 800; Erl. 60, 7: 868; Erl. 72, 28. On ðám gemótan, þeáh rǽdlíce wurðan on namcúðan stówan, L. Eth. ix. 37; Th. i. 348, 17. Hwæðer ǽfre wurde þus gerád þing si facta est aliquando hujuseemodi res, Deut. 4, 32. Eálá ðæt hit wurde, ðæt . . ., Met. 8, 39. Sceal se dæg weorþan, Exon. Th. 447, 5; Dóm. 34. Þurh hwæt his worulde gedál weorðan sceolde, Beo. Th. 6129; B. 3068. Ðætte ríces gehwæs sceolde gelimpan, eorðan dreámas ende wurðan, Cd. Th. 223, 6; Dan. 115. Sceal feorhgedál æfter wyrðan, Andr. Kmbl. 364; Ass. 182: 430; An. 215. (2 a) when the object affected by what happens is given:--Ne wyrð him nán orne, Lchdm. iii. 16, 4. Ic wát ealre ðysse worulde wurðeþ ende omni consummationi vidi finem, Ps. Th. 118, 96. Dómas ðe wǽdlum weorðaþ, 139, 12. Tácnu wurðaþ on eów erunt in te signa, Deut. 28, 46. Hwæt wearð eów? Andr. Kmbl. 2685; An. 1345. Ðæt ðé sceates ðearf ne wurde, Cd. Th. 32, 16; Gen. 504. Unc sceal weorðan swá unc wyrd geteóð, Beo. Th. 5045; B. 2526. II. to become, be made, be, (1) with predicative substantive:--Ða hwíle ðe hé ðǽr stód, hé wearþ fǽringa geong cniht, and sóna eft eald man, Blickl. Homl. 175, 2. On ðam dæge wurdun Heródes and Pilatus gefrýnd; sóðlíce hig wǽron ǽr gefýnd, Lk. Skt. 23, 12. Wá heom ðæs síðes ðe hí men wurdon, Wulfst. 27, 4. Weorðan his bearn steópcild, and his wíf wyrðe wydewe fiant filii ejus orphani, et uxor ejas vidua, Ps. Th. 108, 9. Ðæt wé ðæs morðres meldan ne weorðen, Elen. Kmbl. 856; El. 428. (2) with predicative adjective, to get, grow:--Gif ðú lárna ðínra éste wyrðest, Andr. Kmbl. 965; An. 483. Gif eáre þirel weorðeþ, L. Ethb. 41; Th. i. 14, 6. Gif hé healt weorð, 65; Th. i. 18, 14. Ðé weorð on ðínum breóstum rúm, Cd. Th. 33, 13; Gen. 519. Gif ða cearwylmas cólran wurðaþ, Beo. Th. 570; B. 282. Ða deáde ne weorðaþ ( wurðaþ) qui non gustabunt mortem, Lk. Skt. 9, 27. Ðá wearð hé druncen inebriatus est, Gen. 9, 21. Ðæt wíf wearð wráð ðam geongan cnapan mulier molesta erat adolescenti, 39, 10. Wearð hé swíðe yrre iratus est valde, 39, 19. Hwelc siððan wearð herewulfa síð, Cd. Th. 121, 23; Gen. 2014. Ða fixas wurdon deáde pisces mortui sunt, Ex. 7, 21. Mierce wurdon cristne, Chr. 655; Erl. 28, 1. Mé milde weorð miserere mei, Ps. Th. 56, 1: 66, 1. Monigfaldge worðe habundaverit, Mt. Kmbl. Lind. 5, 20. Nǽnges þinges máre þearf ðonne his unriht yppe wurde, Blickl. Homl. 175, 10. Eálá ðæt úre tída nú nemihtan weorðan swilce, Bt. 15; Fox 48, 18. Sǽne weorðan, Andr. Kmbl. 408; An. 204. Wyrðan, 874; An. 437. Wurðan, Cd. Th. 27, 8; Gen. 414. Wæs óðere ǽghwilc worden mǽgburh fremde, 102, 3; Gen. 1694: 135, 2; Gen. 2236. Wearð hé acol worden, 223, 24; Dan. 124. Eal cristen folc is þurh geleáfan geleáful worden, Wulfst. 279, 30. Ða dysegan sint wordene blinde, Met. 19, 29. (3) with prepositional phrase:--Heó wearð mid cilde, Homl. Th. i. 24, 26. Ðæt ic tó ðínum willan weorþan móte that I may be to thy liking, Ps. C. 104. (4) with adverb, (a) where the subject is given:--Heó wyrð glædlíce on hyre heortan, Anglia viii. 324, 16. Óþ ðæt ðín fót weorðe fæste on blóde ut intinguatur pes tuus in sanguine, Ps. Th. 67, 22. (b) with impersonal construction:--Wearð mé on hige leóhte, Cd. Th. 42, 20; Gen. 676. Ðá wearþ hyre rúme on móde, Judth. Thw. 22, 39; Jud. 97. Gif men férlíce wyrde únsófte, Rtl. 114, 24. III. with prepositions (see also IV), (a) weorþan of to come from, be caused by, be produced from or by:--Wiþ geswelle ðam ðe wyrð of fylle oððe of slege, Lchdm. ii. 72, 22. Hwý ðæt ís mæge weorþan of wætere, Met. 28, 60. (b) weorþan on, (1) to get into a state of being, feeling, to become the adjective connected with the noun, get:--Gif hé wyrþ on ungeþylde if he gets impatient; cum dederit impatientiae manus, Bt. 11, 1; Fox 32, 33. Weorþeþ (-aþ, MS.) oft on wón se sido in hoc hominum judicia depugnant, 39, 9; Fox 226, 4. Ðá wearþ Holofernus on gytesálum he grew merry, as the wine flowed, Judth. Thw. 21, 17; Jud. 21. Wurdan gesweoru on seledreáme exultaverunt colles, Ps. Th. 113, 6. Hié weorðen on ungeðylde, Past. 45; Swt. 341, 3. (2) to get into a state of action, to come to be doing something, to fall to an action, to take to:--Hé wierð (wirð, Hatt. MS.) swíðe hræðe on fielle citius corruit, Past. 39; Swt. 286, 17. Wénst ðú ðæt ðú ðæt hwerfende hweól, ðonne hit on ryne wyrþ (when it gets a-running), mæge oncyrran tu volventis rotae impetum retinere conaris? Bt. 7, 2; Fox 18, 36. Hé on fylle wearð, Beo. Th. 3093; B. 1544. Hé wearð on fleáme, Andr. Kmbl. 2771; An. 1388. Hé wearð on slǽpe, Homl. Skt. i. 18, 161. Hí on slǽpe wurdon, 23, 249. Hig wurdon on fleáme terga verterunt, Jos. 7, 4. Hié weorðen on murcunga they fall a-grumbling; ad murmurationem proruunt, Past. 45; Swt. 341, 3. (3) to come to be something, become, turn into:--Mé weorð on God þeccend and on trume stówe esto mihi in Deum protectorem, et in locum munitum, Ps. Th. 70, 2. Ðæt heó on sealtstánes wurde anlícnesse, Cd. Th. 154, 32; Gen. 2564. Hé mé ys worden on hǽlu foetus est mihi in salutem, Ps. Th. 117, 14. (c) weorþan tó, (1) of change in material condition, to become, turn to:--Ðú eart dust, and tó duste wyrst pulvis es, et in pulverem reverteris, Gen. 3, 19. Weorðeþ tó duste, Ps. Th. 89, 6. Tó wætere weorðeþ, 147, 7: Met. 28, 63. Se wyrm wyrð tó eorþan, Lchdm. ii. 44, 16. Weorp ðíne girde beforan Pharaone, and heó wirð tó næddran (vertetur in colubrum), Ex. 7, 9. Seó eá ðǽr wyrþ tó miclum sǽ, Ors. 1, 1; Swt. 12, 28. Weorðaþ hig tó acxan fatiscunt in cinerem, 1, 3; Swt. 32, 15. Bearwas wurdon tó axan, Cd. Th. 154, 8; Gen. 2552. Sume wurdon tó wulfan, Bt. 38, 1; Fox 194, 36: Met. 26, 79. On eorþan gangan and tó eorþan weorþan, Blickl. Homl. 123, 10. Seó eá ne mæg weorþan tó ǽwelme, ac se ǽwelm mæg weorþan tó eá, Bt. 34, 1; Fox 134, 15. (2) of the state or condition to which things come, of the event of matters, to become, have as issue, come to:--Ǽlc þing wyrþ tó náuhte, Bt. 34, 1; Fox 134, 13. Hí weorþaþ him selfe tó náuhte, 21; Fox 74, 36. Tó hwan wearð hondrǽs hæleþa what was the event of the combat, Beo. Th. 4149; B. 2071. Ðonne hié ne giémaþ tó hwon óðerra monna wíse weorðe when they do not care to what a state other men get, Past. 5; Swt. 41, 24. Hé ðóhte ðæt hé hine ofslóge, wurde siððan tó ðæm ðe hit meahte (be the event what it might), 34; Swt. 235, 10. Lyt ðú geþóhtes tó hwon ðínre sáwle síð siþþan wurde, Exon. Th. 368, 12; Seel. 20. Hí bidon tó hwon his ðing weorþan sceolde quem res exitum haberet exspectantes, Bd. 3, 11; S. 536, 32. Tó hwon sculon wit weorðan what is to become of us? Cd. Th. 50, 28; Gen. 815. Eall mín mægen is tó náuhte worden, Ps. Th. 21, 11. (3) where a character or function is taken by anything, to become, turn, turn to:--Mé tó aldorbanan weorðeþ wráðra sum some fell one will become the destroyer of my life, Cd. Th. 63, 18; Gen. 1034. Hé wierð tó ðæs onlícnesse ðe áwriten is usque ad ejus similitudinem ducitur, de quo scriptum est, Past. 17; Swt. 111, 21. Ne wyrð nán tó láfe none shall become a remnant, i. e. none shall be left; non remanebit ex eis ungula, Ex. 10, 26. Gif þegen geþeáh ðæt hé wearð tó eorle, L. R. 5; Th. i. 192, 7. Se tó deófle wearð, Cd. Th. 20, 9; Gen. 305. Ic tó meldan wearð I turned informer, Exon. Th. 279, 30; Jul. 621. Wearð hé Heaðoláfe tó handbonan, Beo. Th. 924; B. 460. Hwonne líffreá weorðe ússum móde tó mundboran, Exon. Th. 2, 32; Cri. 28. Ðeáh þrǽla hwylc of cristendóme tó wícinge weorðe, Wulfst. 162, 6. Ðý læs sió upáhæfenes him weorðe tó wege micelre scylde ne elatio via fiat ad foveam gravioris culpae, Past. 57; Swt. 439, 11. (4) where a result is brought about, to become, prove a source of:--Seó ofering ðé wurþ tó sáre, Bt. 14, 1; Fox 42, 16. Hit him wyrþ tó teónan, Blickl. Homl. 51, 9. Ðú wurde mé tó hǽlu factus es mihi in salutem, Ps. Th. 117, 27. Hió wearð mongum tó frófre, Exon. Th. 421, 17; Rä. 40, 18. Tó blisse, Blickl. Homl. 123, 2. Tó aldorceare, Beo. Th. 1817; B. 905. Hé manegum wearð mannum tó hróðre, werþeódum tó wræce, Elen. Kmbl. 30; El. 15. Ða byrig, ðe ǽr gafol guldon, wurdon Ciruse tó monegum gefeohtum civitates, quae tributariae erant, a Cyro defecerunt; quae res Cyro multorum bellorum causa et origo exstitit, Ors. 1, 12; Swt. 54, 14. Ðe læs úre deáþ úrum feóndum tó gefeán weorþe, Blickl. Homl. 101, 33. Tó hleó and tó hróþer hæleþa cynne weorðan, Exon. Th. 73, 31; Cri. 1198. Tó frófre weorþan, Beo. Th. 3419; B. 1707. (5) to become, be an object of:--Ic eom worden mannum tó leahtrunge and tó forsewennesse ego sum opprobrium hominum, Ps. Th. 21, 5. IV. implying movement, change of position, (1) literal, to come, get, (a) with prepositions:--Ðonne hé (the moon) betwux ús and hire (the sun) wyrþ, Bt. 4; Fox 8, 2. Of ðære sǽ cymþ ðæt wæter innon ða eorþan; cymþ ðonne up æt ðam ǽwelme, wyrþ ðonne tó bróce, ðonne tó eá, ðonne andlang eá, óþ hit wyrþ eft tó sǽ, 34, 6; Fox 140, 17-20. Se regn ðæt deófol on ufan wyrðeþ, Salm. Kmbl. p. 148, 5. Swá swá wé of ðisse weorulde weorðaþ, Shrn. 202, 4. Gif hí on ðam wuda weorþaþ if they get in the wood, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 16. Gif hí on treówum weorþaþ, Met. 13, 36. Hé wearð him on ánon scipe he got him (reflex.) on board a ship, Chr. 1052; Erl. 187, 13. Sebastianus geseah hú ða Godes cempan ongunnon hnexian, and wearð him tómiddes (he came amongst them), Homl. Skt. i. 5, 52. Gif nægl of honda weorðe if a nail come off the hand, Lchdm. iii. 58, 7. Ðú mihtest ðé féran betwyx ðám tunglum, and ðonne weorþan on ðam rodore, Bt. 36, 2; Fox 174, 11. On ðæm rodere ufan weorþan, Met. 24, 18. (b) with adverbs:--Gif eáge of weorð if an eye comes out, L. Ethb. 43; Th. i. 14, 8. Gif fót of weorðeþ if a foot comes off, 69; Th. i. 20, 1: 70; Th. i. 20, 2: 72; Th. i. 20, 5. Hé wearð him áwege he went away, got off, Homl. Skt. ii. 25, 228. Hié sume inne wurdon some of them got inside, Chr. 867; Erl. 72, 14. Móste ic áne tíd úte weorðan, Cd. Th. 23, 34; Gen. 369. (2) figurative:--Adames cynn onféhð flǽsce, weorþeþ foldræste æt ende Adam's race shall receive flesh, shall come to the end of its rest in earth, Exon. Th. 63, 34; Cri. 1029. Búton monnum and sumum englum, ða weorþaþ hwílum of hiora gecynde except men and some angels, who sometimes depart from their nature, Bt. 25; Fox 88, 8. His ǽhta weorþaþ on ðæs onwealde ðé hé wyrrest úþe, Blickl. Homl. 195, 3. Ic nó ne wearþ of ðam sóþan geleáfan nec umquam fuerit dies, qui me ab hac sententia depellat, 5, 3; Fox 12, 6. Hwí ðæt ís for ðære sunnan scíman tó his ágnum gecynde weorþe, 39, 3; Fox 216, 1. Ðæt gé of feónda fæðme weorðen that ye get out of the foes' grasp, Cd. Th. 196, 20; Exod. 294. Ðæt ne loc of heáfde tó forlore wurde that not a hair from the head should come to destruction, Andr. Kmbl. 2846; An. 1425. V. as an auxiliary with participles, (1) present:--Gif him hwilc yfel gelimpð, ic wurðe syððan geómriende, Gen. 42, 38. (2) past, (a) of transitive verbs, forming a passive voice:--Eów weorþeþ forgifen hwæt gé sprecaþ, Blickl. Homl. 171, 19. Ne weorþeþ sió mǽgburg gemicledu eaforan mínum, Exon. Th. 401, 31; Rä. 21, 20. Hé him ábolgen wurðeþ, Cd. Th. 28, 4; Gen. 430. Hú wurþ hé elles gelǽred how else shall he get taught? Bd. pref.; S. 471, 18. Hí weorþaþ bereáfode ǽlcre áre, Bt. 29, 2; Fox 104, 16. Ðá wearð Faraones heorte gehefegod ingravatum est cor Pharaonis, Ex. 8, 32. Ðá him gerýmed wearð, ðæt hié wælstówe wealdan móston, Beo. Th. 5959; B. 2983. Swá his mandrihten gemǽted wearð, Cd. Th. 225, 21; Dan. 157. Ðý læs hié eft weorðen (wyrðen, Hatt. MS.) gedémde, Past. 28; Swt. 190, 15. Seó burh sceolde ábrocen weorþan, Blickl. Homl. 77, 29. Ne mihte him bedyrned wyrðan ðæt his engyl ongan ofermód wesan, Cd. Th. 17, 18; Gen. 261. (b) of intransitive verbs:--Ðé sunu weorðeþ cumen, Cd. Th. 132, 19; Gen. 2195. Ða geongan leoþu geloden weorþaþ, Exon. Th. 327, 20; Vy. 6. Hé sóna wearð hál geworden, Blickl. Homl. 223, 26: Cd. Th. 223, 23; Dan. 124. Denum wearð willa gelumpen, Beo. Th. 1851; B. 823; 2473; B. 1234. Ðá weard áfeallen ðæs folces ealdor, Byrht. Th. 137, 46; By. 202. Ðá wearð se líchama tóslopen, Homl. Th. i. 86, 24: Jos. 5, 1. Ðæt hí forwordene weorðen ut intereant, Ps. Th. 91, 6. [Goth. wairþan: O. Sax. werðan: O. Frs. wertha: O. H. Ger. werdan: Icel. verða.] v. for-, ge-, mis-weorþan. weorþan

Parole correlate: l.