Lǽran

According to the Old English Dictionary:

lǽran

Add: I. to show the way (lit. or fig.) to a person :-- Gáþ ealle on þone weg þe eów lǽraþ ðá foremǽran bisna þára gódena gumena, Bt. 40, 4; F. 238, 29. Simle ic þíne weogas wanhogan lǽrde doceam iniquos vias tuas, Ps. C. 105. II. to show a person the way to or from, guide, direct :-- Hé mec lǽreð from þé on stearcne weg, Jul. 282. Hé lǽrde þá leóde on geleáfan weg, An. 1682. III. to guide the action of a person :-- Sió godcunde foretiohhung lǽrde ðone þe hé wolde ꝥ þe gold hýdde, and eft þone þe hé wolde ꝥ hit funde, Bt. 40, 6; S. 140, 16. IV. to show what should be observed or done. (1) where there is advising, exhorting, admonishing, persuading, instigating, &c. (a) absolute :-- Lǽrdan hortantur, lǽrað hortamini, Wrt. Voc. ii. 42, 47, 48. Dióule lǽrende diabolo instigante, Rtl. 114, 5. (b) with personal object. (α) alone :-- Salomon cuæð: ' Dó, mín sunu, suá ic ðé lǽre' exhortatio subditur: Fac quod dico, Past. 193, 17. Wígend lǽrde helle deóful . . . and þæt word gecwæð: ' Sleáð synnigne ofer seolfes múð, ' An. 1299. On óðre wísan sint tó lǽranne (cf. manianne, 19) ðá scamleásan, on óðre ðá scamfæstan. Ðǽm scamleásan ne wyrð nó gestiéred bútan micelre tǽlinge, Past. 205, 21 : 179, 21. (β) to exhort, &c. to something :-- Þú þrístlíce þeóde lǽrest tó beadowe, An. 1187. Óðer hine tyhteð and on tǽso lǽreð, Sal. 493. (γ) with clause :-- Ic þé lǽre . . . þæt þú hospcwide . . . ǽfre ne fremme, El. 522. Óðer hine lǽreð þæt hé lufan healde, Sal. 491. Ðás leásan spell lǽraþ gehwilcne man . . . ꝥ hé hine ne besió tó his ealdum yfelum, Bt. 35, 6; F. 170, 15. Þú synfulle simle lǽrdes ꝥ hió cerrende Críste hérdon, Ps. C. 55. Se deófol þone Iúdas lǽrde ꝥ hé Drihten belǽwde, Hml. A. 154, 66. Ic leófra gehwone lǽran wille ꝥ hé ne ágǽle gǽstes þearfe, Cri. 816: Dóm. 47: El. 1206. Sint tó lǽranne ðá ofersprǽcan ðæt hié wacorlíce ongieten admonendi sunt multiloquio vacantes, ut vigilanter aspiciant, Past. 277, 3. (2) of authoritative utterance, to prescribe, order, enjoin, direct. (a) absolute :-- Dó swá ic lǽre, Ll. Th. i. 184, 14. (b) with clause :-- Ic lǽre ꝥ hé dó swá ic ǽr cwæð, Angl. ix. 260, 8. Æt ǽrestan wé lǽrað ꝥ ǽghwelc mon his áð and his wed wærlíce healde, Ll. Th. i. 60, 2. Wé lǽrað and biddað and on Godes naman beÁdað ꝥ. . . , 364, 21. Ǽghwilc cild sí, wé lǽrað, gefullod binnon nigon nihton, ii. 292, 5. (c) with personal object. (α) alone :-- Hé self dó swá swá hé óðre lǽrð, Past. 453, 15. (β) with a noun object, of that which is enjoined or commended :-- Óðerne hé lǽrde geðyld alteri patientiam proponit, Past. 291, 21. Ðæt hé lǽre ðá óðre eáðmétta, . . . ond lǽre ðá sláwan geornfulnesse gódes weorces. . . and ðá uncystgan cysta lǽre . . . lǽren hí ðá wífgálan gesinicipe . . . and ðá forhæbbendan lǽren forhæfdnesse superbis praedicetur humilitas . . . torpentibus praedicetur sollicitudo boni operis . . . tenacibus infundatur tribuendi largitas . . . incontinentibus laudetur conjugium . . . continentibus laudetur virginitas corporis, 453, 19-32. (γ) with dat. infin. :-- Þé nán neódðearf ne lǽrde tó wyrcanne quem non externae pepulerunt fingere caussae, Bt. 33, 4; F. 128, 11. (δ) with clause :-- Hwæt wile ðæt beón weorca ðæt ús on óðerre stówe forbiét ðæt wé hit beforan mannum dón, on óðerre lǽrð (cf. hét, l. 8) ðæt wé hit beforan mannum dón quid est quod opus nostrum et ita faciendum est, ne UNCERTAIN videatur, et tamen ut debeat videri praecipitur, Past. 451, 3. Hé ðone óðerne lǽrde ðæt hé him anwald on tuge alteri imperium proponit, 291, 20. Wé willað biddan freónda gehwylcne and eal folc lǽran georne ꝥ hí inwerdre heortan God lufian, Ll. Th. i. 316, 18 : 326, 1. V. to impart knowledge. (1) to declare, proclaim :-- Hí lǽrden hira synna, and hí hí nánwuht ne hǽlon peccatum suum praedicaverunt, nec absconderunt, Past. 427, 28. (2) to teach, give instruction in a subject, preach :-- Hé gewritu lǽreð, Sal. 50. Monige wíse láreówas winnað mid hira ðeáwum wið ðá bebodu ðe hí mid wordum lǽrað quod verbis praedicant, moribus impugnant, Past. 29, 22. Nán cræft nis tó lǽranne ðǽm ðe hine ǽr geornlíce ne leornode nulla ars doceri praesumitur, nisi intenta prius meditatione discatur, 25, 15. (3) to teach a person something. (a) with acc. :-- Þú hine þeódscipe þínne lǽrest de lege tua docueris eum, Ps. Th. 93, 12. Hé ús lǽrð nytwyrðlicu ðing, Past. 255, 12. (b) with clause :-- Sint hié tó lǽranne hú hié scilen dǽlan, Past. 341, 16. (c) to instruct a person in a subject :-- Lǽre mon furður on Lǽden-geðióde ðá ðe mon furður lǽran wille, Past. 7, 13. (4) to teach something to a person :-- Hé þám folce Godes gerihta lǽrde, Hml. Th. i. 74, 22. (5) to teach a person, give instruction to, educate, train :-- Se Wísdóm þe hit lange ǽr týde and lǽrde, Bt. 3, 1; F. 4, 30. Hé in Effessia ealle þráge leóde lǽrde, Ap. 31. Úre flǽsclican fædras lǽrdon ús patres carnis nostrae habuimus eruditores, Past. 255, 7, 10. Hié lǽrdon hira tungan, and wenedon tó leásunge docuerunt linguam suam loqui mendacium, 239, 18. Hú mislíce mon sceal menn lǽran, 173, 13. Hit bið swíðe geswincful ðæt mon ǽlcne mon scyle on sundrum lǽran, hit is ðeáh earfoðre ealle ætsomne tó lǽranne, 453, 10-12. Ongan his brýd wíshýdig wer wordum lǽran, Gen. 1823. Hí sægdon swá fram Siluestre lǽrde wǽron, El. 191. (6) absolute, to teach, act as teacher :-- Ǽlc wyrd is nyt þára ðe áuþer déþ, oððe lǽrþ oþþe wricþ quae aut exercet, aut corrigit, prodest, Bt. 40, 2; F. 236, 16. Sió sóðfæstnes self lǽrde docenti veritate, Past. 125, 7. Wé rehton hwelc se hierde bión sceal; nú wé him willað cýðan hú hé lǽran sceal qualis esse debeat Pastor ostendimus, nunc qualiter doceat demonstremus, 173, 15. Wæs hé gemét tómiddes ðára láreówa frignende, nalles lǽrende (docens); for ðǽm hé ús wolde ðæt tó bísene dón ðætte ðá unlǽredan ne dorsten lǽran (docere), 385, 27. Ǽr þám þe his Apostolas tófarene wǽron geond ealle eorðan tó lǽranne, Ll. Th. i. 56, 4. (7) intransitive, to give instruction about something :-- Se hálga heáp . . . hí ásendon tó lǽrenne eallnm leódscipum be Crístes tócyme for middangeardes álýsednysse, Hml. Th. i. 388, 16.

Related words: mis-, þurh-lǽran; fore-, yfel-lǽrende. læran